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Jacques Hnizdovsky ((ウクライナ語:Яків Гніздовський), (ポーランド語:Jakob Gniazdowski), (クロアチア語:Jakiv Hnizdovskij)), (1915–1985) was a Ukrainian-American painter (working in oil, acrylic, tempera and watercolor), printmaker, sculptor, illustrator and lettering designer. == Biography == Jacques Hnizdovsky was born in Ukraine in the Borshchivskyi Raion of Ternopil Oblast in a noble family of Korab coat of arms. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw and Zagreb, and produced hundreds of paintings, numerous pen and ink drawings and watercolors, as well as over 375 prints (woodcuts, etchings and linocuts) after his move to the United States in 1949. He was inspired by woodblock printing in Japan as well as the woodcuts of Albrecht Dürer. Influences on his early works can be seen on his website.〔(Reflections of an Artist )〕〔(Woodcuts - Relief Printing )〕 Most of his woodcuts, (apart from exhibition posters, which he also printed himself directly from the woodblock) were printed on washi, which in English is erroneously translated into "rice paper"〔In fact, rice paper is made from paper mulberry, also known as broussonetia papyrifera. Please see the following (link ) for more information on the production of this beautiful handmade paper, which is likened to raw silk because of the raw mulberry fibers frequently embedded in the paper. This handmade quality and texture is a beauty to behold.〕 Hnizdovsky's woodcuts frequently depict plants and animals, and the primary reason for this, in the beginning, after his arrival in the United States, was the lack of funds to pay for a human model. But what was first a substitute for the human form later became his primary subject matter. He was well known in all the botanical gardens in New York, where he would find subjects willing to pose for no cost. At the Bronx Zoo, he also found many models that were willing to pose, as he would write, "for peanuts". Andy, the orangutan that opened the Ape House of the Bronx Zoo when he was just a baby, was one of Hnizdovsky's favorite models.〔(Andy the orangutan )〕 When he died, the Bronx Zoo immediately purchased the woodcut in remembrance of Andy. Another favorite model for one of Hnizdovsky's best known prints, was also from the Bronx Zoo. ''The Sheep'' went on to be his best known print, illustrating the poster for his very successful exhibition at the Lumley Cazalet Gallery in London. This poster, incidentally, can be seen in the kitchen scene of the film ''The Hours''. The artist also designed several stamps and a souvenir sheet for the Ukrainian Plast postal service, issued in 1954 and 1961. Hnizdovsky has exhibited widely and his works are in the permanent collections of many museums worldwide. The Museum of Fine Arts in Boston has a large collection of his prints. An interview with Hnizdovsky, in Ukrainian, was conducted in 1982 was conducted by Ulana Pawuszczak . Jacques Hnizdovsky died in 1985 and is buried at the Lychakivskiy Cemetery in Lviv, Ukraine. His archives are housed at the Slavic and Baltic Division of the New York Public Library.〔(Slavic and Baltic Division, NYPL )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jacques Hnizdovsky」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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